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The Witwatersrand Basin and Its Gold Deposits | SpringerLink
Almost every imaginable genetic model has been proposed to explain the Witwatersrand gold deposits, ranging from syn-sedimentary placer to epigenetic magmatic or …
v118n7a1 rock temperatures and geothermal …
the Witwatersrand Basin, most mining companies have conducted VRT measurements in mine workings since 1950. These data were collated by COMRO and the database provided valuable information regarding the depth to various isotherms in the Witwatersrand gold mining arc (Jones, 1988, 2003a). Although individual mining companies have made
ORE GEOLOGY – Environmental geology
Vein type tungsten deposit of China, Tungsten deposit of Degana, India, Kupferschiefer Copper deposit of Germany, White pine Copper Deposit, USA, Mississippi Valley Type Pb-Zn deposit, Epithermal Au-Ag deposits, Kolar Gold deposits India etc are some of the examples of Hydrothermal deposits. 5.1.3 Metamorphic processes
Witwatersrand Gold
Jennifer McNeil Brad Vance Jess Webber Witwatersrand Gold GOLD STATISTICS All the mined gold in human history would make up a 60' x 60' x 60' cube – 130k tons Worth roughly 1.8 trillion USD 25% in above-ground reserves (bank vaults, government currency backing) 75% = privately held as jewelry, art and bullion As of February 2009, trading about $940 USD/ounce …
Witwatersrand Gold Deposits
Here is some history of the Witwatersrand Gold Style Ore Deposits as they related to South Africa since the arrival of the Dutch and the …
Models and Exploration Methods for Major Gold …
new gold deposits. The objectives of this paper are to provide an update on gold deposit models, and what new approaches and techniques can now be used to find gold deposits. Gold occurs in a wide range of deposit types and settings, but this paper is concerned with deposits in which gold forms the main economic commodity or a co-product.
Genesis of the World's Largest Gold Deposits
Two models have been suggested to explain the formation of the Witwatersrand gold deposits: a sedimentary placer model and a hydrothermal model. According to the former, the gold was introduced into its host rocks by …
gold deposits in south africa
Witwatersrand Gold Deposits. A special type of gold deposit is the Witwatersrand goldmine in South Africa, which is by far the biggest gold field in the world. About 40,000 tonnes of gold have already been extracted from it. ... gold mining process in india; ball mill design for gold processing; gold recover from polishing dust; roasting in ...
Gold Deposits in the USA Interactive Map
These deposits have a world production of at least 9,900 m.t., and account for the second largest amount of gold production of any significant mineral deposit type after the Witwatersrand-type paleo-conglomerate-hosted deposits of …
Witwatersrand Basin – Hartbeespoort, South …
South Africa is famous for its rich deposits of gold, the vast majority of which come from the Witwatersrand Basin, an underground geological formation believed to have once been the floor of a...
The viability of using the Witwatersrand gold mine tailings …
Some mining companies such as Bharat Gold Mines in India have explored the idea of brickmaking using gold ore tailings (Be Sharp, 2012). Table ... Considering the source of the gold deposits in the Witwatersrand Basin (river sediments in the form of sand and gravel), it is therefore likely that the tailings from this area will also contain a ...
Witwatersrand gold-pyrite-uraninite deposits do not …
The first serious suggestion that the Archean atmosphere was reducing was based on the interpretation of round uraninite and pyrite grains in the Witwaters
The Witwatersrand gold-field : mining at Johannesburg …
Buy The Witwatersrand gold-field : mining at Johannesburg 1889 [Hardcover] online at best price in India on Snapdeal. Read The Witwatersrand gold-field : mining at Johannesburg 1889 [Hardcover] reviews & author details. Get Free shipping & CoD options across India.
Witwatersrand gold deposits formed by volcanic rain, …
LETTERS NATUREGEOSCIENCEDOI:10.1038/NGEO2344 Dissolved Au(HS)2 transport in rivers H2S, SO4 2 -bearing rain Shallow lake Microbial carbon Gold precipitation Volcanic degassing of H 2S, SO2 ...
Witwatersrand gold deposits (pdf)
Detrital zircon ages from Archaean conglomerates in the Singhbhum Craton, eastern India: implications on economic Au-U potential. Witwatersrand gold deposits. ... Witwatersrand gold deposits, Gold Bulletin, 1978, pp. 18-23, Volume 11, Issue 1, DOI: 10.1007/BF03216529 ...
Genesis of the World's Largest Gold Deposits
Almost 40% of all gold mined during recorded history has been recovered over the past 120 years from a single ore province: the Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa. Today, the gold-mining industry in the Witwatersrand …
The sedimentary setting of Witwatersrand placer mineral deposits …
Evidence of detrital forms in the gold has confirmed its placer origin prior to modification during metamorphism. Furthermore, rhenium-depletion ages ranging from 3.5 to 2.9 Ga for Witwatersrand gold support numerous other lines of evidence that have been used in the past to interpret the gold, uranium and pyrite concentrates as Archean placers.
Quartz-Pebble-Conglomerate Gold Deposits
the gold. Deposits that formed prior to the Great Oxidation Event (circa 2.4 giga-annum [Ga]) contain pyrite, whereas younger deposits contain iron oxides. Uranium minerals and hydrocarbons are also notable features of some deposits. Much of the gold in these types of deposits forms crystalline features that are the product of local remobiliza ...
Recent Developments Concerning the Geological History …
Geological Society of India; Geological Society of London; Gulf PetroLink; Mineralogical Association of Canada; Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland; Pacific Section AAPG; ... Although the gold mining industry in the Witwatersrand has passed its maturity, the Witwatersrand basin remains by far the most important known gold ...
Gold Fields
The model emphasises a control on the occurrence of ore minerals by placer-forming mechanisms, while accepting some modification by metamorphism, is the generally accepted model for the origin of gold and uranium mineralisation of …
Witwatersrand gold deposits formed by volcanic rain, anoxic …
Gold in the Witwatersrand is enriched to mineable concentrations in thin quartz pebble beds ('reefs') that commonly extend over kilometres.
Gold in 2000
THIS Gold in 2000volume is organized around a classification of hypogene gold deposits that emphasizes their tectonic setting and relative time of formation compared to their host rocks and other gold deposit types (e.g., Sawkins, 1972, 1990; Groves et al., 1998; Kerrich et al., 2000).The temporal division of orogenic gold deposits into Archean, Proterozoic, and …
The Witwatersrand Basin and Its Gold Deposits | SpringerLink
The Witwatersrand Basin near the centre of the Kaapvaal Craton (Fig. 10.1) is a domain of many superlatives and holds several world records.Foremost it has become famous for representing the by far largest known gold anomaly in the world.
Witwatersrand gold fields: Geology, genesis and exploration
The Witwatersrand gold fields of South Africa account for more than a third of the world's total gold pro- duction since mining started there in 1886: 48,000 t Au. These gold fields dominated ...
ntronang abrem gold deposits
ntronang abrem gold deposits . ikuta control cutter grinder ntronang abrem gold deposits, ikuta control cutter grinder. gold panning equipment price in india; ... WhatsApp: +86 . INTERACTIVE MAP: World's top 10 gold deposits. The list forgot to include the Sukhoi Log project in Siberia. Back in 2007 the reported resource was 61.7 Moz.
MINE WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE …
Witwatersrand Gold Fields, sufficient information does exist to be able to make informed decisions regarding the origins of the mine water, potential impacts, management ... Flooding of the underground mine workings, representing more than 120 years of mining in the Witwatersrand Gold Field, culminated in the decant of AMD from the smallest
[PDF] Witwatersrand gold deposits formed by volcanic rain, …
The Witwatersrand gold deposit is the largest in the world. Thermodynamic calculations show that such rich accumulations of gold could be linked to abundant volcanism, primitive life and the oxygen-free atmosphere of the Archaean. The Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa is one of the best-preserved records of fluvial sedimentation on an Archaean …
The impact of gold mining on the Witwatersrand on the …
William Knight registered the first mining company on the Witwatersrand, the Witwatersrand Gold Mining Company, in September 1886. Goch founded the George Goch Gold Mining Company in 1886 and the Wemmer Gold Mining Company in 1887. Rudd and Rhodes floated the company Gold Fields of South Africa Limited on 9 February 1887.
Gold mineralization within the Witwatersrand Basin, South
A detailed electron microbeam analytical and petrological study of the main auriferous horizons in the Central Rand Group throughout the Witwatersrand Basin indicates that gold has been …
Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (Gauteng)
Witwatersrand, ridge of gold-bearing rock mostly in Gauteng Province, South Africa.Its name means "Ridge of White Waters, in Afrikaans."The highland, which forms the watershed between the Vaal and Limpopo rivers, is about 100 km long and 37 km wide; its average elevation is about 1,700 meters. Its rich gold deposits, occurring in conglomerate …
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